Effects of gestational isoflurane exposure on postnatal memory and learning in rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of gestational isoflurane exposure on postnatal memory and learning and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), neuropeptide Y(NPY) expression in the hippocampus of pups.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve maternal Sprague-Dawley rats at gestation d 18(E18) were randomly divided into isoflurane group (n=6) and control group (n=6). Rats in isoflurane group were exposed to 1.3 % isoflurane for 6 h. For control group, animals breathed in 30 % oxygen and air mixed gas at the same condition. Spatial learning and memory of the offspring were determined with the Morris Water Maze(MWM) after postnatal 4 weeks. The changes of GAP-43 and NPY expression in the hippocampal CA1 region of the pups were determined by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In MWM training, the escape latency to platform of the pups in isoflurane group was significantly longer, and the time spent in the third quadrant and times of original platform crossing were less than those of control animals (P<0.05). The number and optical density of GAP-43 and NPY positive neurons in the hippocampus of pups decreased significantly in the isoflurane group compared with the controls (P <0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Isoflurane exposure in pregnant rats significantly impairs the spatial memory and learning of their pups at a juvenile age, which may be associated with the down-regulation of GAP-43 and NPY in the hippocampus.</p>

Single lung transplantation with concomitant contralateral lung volume reduction for end- stage emphysema / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of single lung transplantation with concomitant contralateral lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) for the management of end-stage emphysema.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 46 year-old patient with end-stage emphysema received right lung transplantation and LVRS through the bilateral anterior-lateral intercostal incisions simultaneously.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Hyperinflation of the native lung or mediastinal shift did not occur after the operation, and the transplanted right lung dilated well without suppression. Acute rejection was not observed and the patient weaned from tracheal intubation 60 h after operation and from ventilator 108 h postoperatively. Persistent air leak occurred after LVRS but closed after instillation of hyperosmotic glucose. The patient was discharged 45 days after operation with significantly improved pulmonary function and normal life.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Single lung transplantation with concomitant contralateral lung volume reduction for emphysema eliminates such complications of single lung transplantation as native lung hyperinflation, mediastinal shift, excessive suppression of the transplanted lung and hemodynamics instability, and can improve the success rate of the operation.</p>